The pointing arrow said 3.2 kilometres. Already we had driven 5.7 kilometres along a winding, pot-holed, one-lane road that hugged the side of the small mountain. Happily, we had encountered no vehicles, no cyclists -- in fact, nothing but recalcitrant sheep who frequently stood defiant in the middle of the road until we beeped our horn. We were on the tiny island of Raasay, which is situated between the Isle of Skye and the Scottish mainland. Our destination was Hallaig, one of the best-known sites in the history of the Highland Clearances. It is famous because the 20th-century poet Sorley MacLean, arguably the greatest who wrote in Gaelic, gave the name "Hallaig" to his most celebrated poem. He was born in this place, once a thriving settlement, now a ruin, a jumble of rocks. Once out of the car, we followed a dirt track slowly upwards for what seemed longer than 3.2 kilometres. At last we reached the cairn created in memory of MacLean, "the people of Hallaig and other cleared crofting townships." On the cairn, you can read the poem in Gaelic or in English translation by Seamus Heaney. To me, it is reminiscent of Fern Hill by Dylan Thomas: "Time, the deer, is in Hallaig Wood/ There's a board nailed across the window/ I looked through to see the west / And my love is a birch forever . . . .
John Rae
Orkney
Stromness
Spontaneous dash to Orkney produces lost images and a whirlwind tour
May 27, 2017
We made a spontaneous dash to Orkney to visit Tom and Rhonda Muir. Then we contrived to banish them to the wrong camera (hence no pix of them!) and ended up with shots of a hotel, a statue and a charming young couple on the steps of a classic edifice in urgent need of refurbishment (see my previous blog posts re: fund-raising campaign). We stopped in to say hello to the owner, Ivan Craigie, and whoosh! back I flashed to 1998, my first visit to Orkney, and Ivan inviting me to ride the back of his tractor to cross the rough field to the water where as a boy, in a "noust," John Rae stored his boat. What a time we had -- not just then, but today, zooming around on a Tom-led tour of cottages, beautifully restored, dating to the 18th and 19th centuries, all in aid of a crash-course on the history of the Clearances in Orkney. Except for Tom, who even knew they happened?
Dunrobin Castle
Highland Clearances
Selkirk Settlers
Sutherland Clearances
Dunrobin Castle is the most politically incorrect edifice in the UK
May 26, 2017
Here we have the splendiferous Dunrobin Castle, the most politically incorrect edifice in all of the United Kingdom. In the early to mid-1800s, the Duke and Duchess of Sutherland ordered (though they did not personally orchestrate) the infamous Sutherland Clearances. This entailed forcibly evicting thousands of tenant farmers from the lands of their forefathers. Many of those driven from their modest crofts settled eventually in Canada. A few miles north of Dunrobin, at a coastal town called Helmsdale, we find a statue, The Emigrants,
commemorating those who fled to Canada -- a monument endlessly appealing to photographers. An identical statue is situated in Winnipeg, where it is called The Selkirk Settlers. Yes, this is the same doubling phenomenon that occurred with the iconic statue of Robert the Bruce on his horse -- one copy in Scotland, another in Calgary, Alberta.
Diefenbaker
George Simpson
Highlands
Hudson's Bay Company
scotland
Rambling around Scottish Highlands? Canada is always in your face
May 25, 2017
Here we have the church at Kildonan, Scotland, in the heart of the Highlands. Most of the Selkirk settlers who emigrated to the Red River Settlement in Canada in 1812 and 1813 had attended this church. Among those who sailed to Churchill, Manitoba, was George Bannerman, a great-grandfather of once-prime minister John Diefenbaker. In 1968, Diefenbaker journeyed here and unveiled a plaque on the church in memory of Bannerman and "all the Selkirk settlers from Kildonan." It's a modest plaque on the wall to the right in this photo. And it is just one of many links connecting Scotland and Canada. Presto! Below we discover a second. In the early 1800s,
George Simpson, later the "little emperor" who served as governor of the Hudson's Bay Company, went to school on the ground floor of this edifice in the heart of Dingwall. A bastard "both by birth and by persuasion," as Peter C. Newman once observed, Simpson lived in the flat on the second floor with his uncle and his cousin, Thomas Simpson. After he grew up, Thomas joined his older cousin in the HBC, but then came to a bad end. I've written about that here and there.
George Simpson, later the "little emperor" who served as governor of the Hudson's Bay Company, went to school on the ground floor of this edifice in the heart of Dingwall. A bastard "both by birth and by persuasion," as Peter C. Newman once observed, Simpson lived in the flat on the second floor with his uncle and his cousin, Thomas Simpson. After he grew up, Thomas joined his older cousin in the HBC, but then came to a bad end. I've written about that here and there.
arctic
Arctic exploration
inuit
John Rae
Orkney
John Rae Centre will celebrate Orkney, the Arctic, and the Inuit
May 18, 2017
I do love this image created by Orcadian photographer James Grieve. He has combined photos of the Stromness statue of explorer John Rae and the Hall of Clestrain, where Rae was born in 1813. Having visited the Hall a few times over the years, I still most vividly remember the first time, in 1998, when the building was in rougher shape and Orcadians were just beginning their long struggle to restore the landmark edifice to its original splendour. In 2013, this initiative gained impetus with the formation of the John Rae Society. The Society is bent on turning the Hall into a John Rae Centre celebrating the links between Orkney, the Canadian Arctic, and John Rae's Inuit and First Nations allies. OK, I may have mentioned this once or twice. But those just discovering Rae might enjoy reading about when the Society purchased the Hall or the unveiling of the National Commemorative Plaque, or look, here's an Open Letter to the Explorer on His Birthday. A more comprehensive narrative is coming in September, when HarperCollins Canada publishes Dead Reckoning: The Untold Story of the Northwest Passage. Meanwhile, to achieve its objective, the John Rae Society has launched a Go Fund Me campaign. Turn the Hall of Clestrain into a John Rae Centre? All I can say is YES!
Creative nonfiction
narrative nonfiction
University of Toronto
writing workshop
Creative nonfiction workshop is coming to U of T in July
May 14, 2017
So on the left we see the image that accompanies my all-time, second-most- popular blog posting: The night Leonard Cohen taught me that Magic Is Alive. And you know how some people can't get over their own jokes? I still find this one pretty funny: 'Obscure' Canadian writer declines to don kilt for CTV appearance. My all-time greatest hit? That would be this puppy: Let's invite Scotland to join Canada.
All this is by way of announcing my intensive, week-long, narrative nonfiction workshop at the University of Toronto. Hey, best to have some idea of what you're up against. So here we are again, all good to go starting July 10 as part of the Summer Writing School. I do ask for submissions (up to 1,500 words) so we can hit the ground running. Below, we find a nutshell description and an image of the official "me." Dr. Jekyll. We do have a good time. And I do believe that this workshop can move you forward. Click here for an official rendition. And come on down!
Meanwhile, here's that nutshell description: Anyone looking for today's most exciting writing should check out Narrative Non-Fiction, an emerging genre in which writers apply literary techniques to factual narrative. This course will orient writers within the genre, which includes both personal streams (memoir, autobiography, travelogue) and impersonal ones (true-crime writing, biography, historical narrative, immersion reporting). The workshop focuses on craft, and will include lectures, discussions, exercises, and workshopping student writing.
You have to register before submitting material. Please submit a story--maximum 1,500 words.
Note: these pieces will be uploaded so that students can read each other's work before the start of the course.
Required Textbook: The Art of Fact: A Historical Anthology of Literary Journalism by Kevin Kerrane and Ben Yagoda, ISBN-13: 978-0684846309--available at the U of T Bookstore.
Canada's Undeclared War
Margaret Atwood
The Handmaid's Tale
Blast from the past (1985): Atwood talks about The Handmaid's Tale
May 08, 2017
Wow, three decades and change: whoosh! Where did those 32 years go? Back in 1985, when Margaret Atwood published The Handmaid's Tale, I interviewed her and wrote as follows. . . . then included the piece in Canada's Undeclared War: Fighting Words from the Literary Trenches.
Call it "a feminist 1984"
and Margaret Atwood won't
argue. But she describes
the novel as "a female Clockwork Orange." The
Handmaid's Tale is "not science fiction in the usual sense," Atwood said.
"It doesn't have spaceships or trips to Mars. But it is speculative
fiction."
Like Brave
New World by Aldous Huxley or Woman
On The Edge Of Time by Marge Piercy, it belongs "to a long tradition of
utopias—although in the
20th century, the vision is much bleaker and utopias have become dystopias."
While writing The
Handmaid's Tale, Atwood was "very conscious" of this tradition, which began in the 16th
century with Sir Thomas More's Utopia and includes Samuel Butler's classic Erewhon.
During the 1960s, when she
was a graduate student at Harvard, Atwood studied the 19th century intensely "and a
lot of utopias were written then."
Born in 1939, Atwood is widely regarded as the
pre-eminent Canadian author of her generation. She has published fiction, criticism and
poetry, and her works include The
Edible Woman, Power
Politics, Surfacing, Survival, Lady Oracle, Life Before Man and Bodily Harm.
Has her work become increasingly political?
Atwood resists the idea. She long ago defined
politics as "who does what to whom"—that definition appears again in The
Handmaid's Tale—and
insists that all her works are political. "Survival
was a very political book," she said in a telephone interview
from Toronto. "But so was Edible Woman.
It all depends on your
focus."
"It isn't true that
the novel is not a political form," she said. The genre "has gone through occasional periods of
privatism, but it has also been used throughout the ages for social comment." To an Irishman, even the supremely detached
James Joyce was political, Atwood said. And British novelist D.H. Lawrence,
the high priest of love,
was "very class-oriented."
In Canada, Rudy Wiebe has explored the politics of Indians and Mennonites, and Mordecai Richler writes
"very, very pointed social satire." The Quebec novel has always been politically engaged.
"The world is getting
more explicitly political," Atwood said. "It's no longer possible for us to live only in our
private lives. We can't exist in that exclusively personal world anymore."
Set in the near future, The
Handmaid's Tale "is an extrapolation of present trends," she said. "It's set in the U.S. partly because
I lived there for four years, but also
because trends happen there first. Here in Canada, we don't see the structure. We're too cautious,
too egalitarian."
The effects of pollution,
for example, "are having an impact on the birth rate right now,"
Atwood said. "And it's going to lead to a situation such as the one I describe."
The
Handmaid's Tale, however, is "as much about the past as about the present," she said. "There's
nothing in it that hasn't actually happened somewhere. Polygamy? Check out the
Mormon Church. Public hangings? They were standard in the 19th century."
Atwood got the idea for the
novel in 1981. She spent one year "actively writing it" in three different places—West
Berlin, Toronto and Alabama. The book's title recalls The
Canterbury Tales and so pays subtle homage to Geoffrey Chaucer. But it alludes mainly to the Bible, in
which handmaids are described as
bearing children for their mistresses.
Of the 12 tribes of Israel
fathered by Jacob, Atwood said, eight came from children born to his wives, and four from
those born to their handmaids. One of her novel's three epigraphs is taken from Genesis, where Rachel says to Jacob: "Behold my maid
Bilhah, go in unto her; and she shall bear upon my knees, that I may also have
children by her."
Atwood chose, as her first-person narrator, a
new-age handmaid. This young woman has been re-educated, and her job, her sole function, is to bear a child for her "commander." To
this end, she is stringently controlled and kept ignorant of the world around her.
"I wanted to work with a single person who was part of the
society, and see how much I could
tell through that person," Atwood said. "When you're unable to read, it's very hard to know
what's going on."
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Before turning mainly to books about arctic exploration and Canadian history, Ken McGoogan worked for two decades as a journalist at major dailies in Toronto, Calgary, and Montreal. He teaches creative nonfiction writing through the University of Toronto and in the MFA program at King’s College in Halifax. Ken served as chair of the Public Lending Right Commission, has written recently for Canada’s History, Canadian Geographic, and Maclean’s, and sails with Adventure Canada as a resource historian. Based in Toronto, he has given talks and presentations across Canada, from Dawson City to Dartmouth, and in places as different as Edinburgh, Melbourne, and Hobart.